Ngā Whakaawenga Hou i roto i te Hangarau Motokā Hiko: He Mea Pehi Ake

Pūnaha Whakamahere Pūoro i ngā Ratonga Hiko Hou

Pūnaha Tuhinga: Te Wāhanga Tuatahi

Kei te whakaatu ngā pūtahi moana i raro i ngā huringa nui ki mua i ngā whangaahua o ngā pūtahi moana motokā hou, inaianei he takitahi nui ake ana i runga i ngā paihere i ā - lithium. E ai ki ngā kōrero, kei ngā pūtahi moana nei e tino whai mana ana te tirotiro o te watea, ka noho roa ake ai ngā motokā ā - waea (EVs) i te kotahi tuhipoka. Ko te mea hoki, e ai ki ngā whakahaere moana, kei te whiwhi haerenga i te oranga, koia nei te take i ngā paunga nui e kitea ana i roto i ngā paihere i ā - lithium. Kei te whiwhi whenua ngā whakangungu matua i tēnei marae e pā ana ki ngā kāinga me te MIT, e whakatupu ana i ngā paihere moana. Ka taea e ēnei whakamātau haerenga te whakahoutū i te kotahi rau e 50% nei i ngā momo whakamahi i tenei wā, ka whakarite atu hoki i te whai mana o te kāinga, ka tuku atu i te hunga kaimahi ngā paihere motokā ā - waea e tino tika ana me te oranga. Ki te whakapakari nei ngā paihere hou nei, ka tino nui ngā huinga mō te kāinga motokā hou o te ao, ka taea pea te whakawhitiwhiti ake ki ngā whakahaere motokā e tino whai haurangi ana, ka whakapakari i te whakaae i ngā motokā.

Pūmotu-Huehuetanga vs. Whakamātau Anode Silicon

Te pakanga i waenganui o te whakamahi o ngā taumata lithium-sulfur me ngā taumata anode silicon, e whakatū tētahi wā mo ngā mōhiohio nui hei āwhina i te hiranga whakamua mo ngā motokā rīpea. He pai rawa ngā pūkohu lithium-sulfur i te mea ka whai kaha ia i te whakamahi i te sulfur, he whenua nui me te utu iti, e āheinga tonu ki te whakaititia i ngā utu. Ahakoa ko tēnā ko tēnēi, he momo whakahē e pa ana ki te rite kotahi, arā, ko te torotoro herehere nei. I te tahao tuatahi, ka whakapono ngā kaiwhakaako i te mea ka taea e ngā anode silicon te whiwhi i ngā tekau o ngā whenua o te kapasitīti o ngā anode graphite matua e whakamahi ana i tenei ao i roto i ngā pūkohu lithium-ion o tenei rā, ahakoa kei reira etahi raruraru ake, pērā i te whakapae herehere nui i te wā e mahia ai te tirotiro mai, me te tirotiro atu. Ka whakapuhaina e ngā kaiwhakaako he mea nui te hanga o enei whakamua hei āwhina i te whakapai i te hiranga o te rorohiko motokā rīpea i te wā e kei ana, me te whakapai i te hiranga, i te wā e noho ana, me te whakarawea. Ko te rangahau i kitea e te Whare Wānanga o Stanford, ka taea e ngā anode silicon te whakaititia i ngā utu, me te whakapai i te weheweherenga o ngā rorohiko EV, ā, ka whakatū i enei hunga whakamua hei tino nui i te wā e whai ana i te whakamua i ngā pūmanawa me te whakapai i ngā motokā rīpea hou.

Rapu Hoki ā-Mutunga i ngā Pūreina Hīkoi Whakamua

Tauira 4 Whakahaere: Nga Mōhiohanga o nāianei

Te tuhinga 4 o te whakahaere e whakaatu ana i tataki hiranga nui i roto i te ao o nga hanganga matihiko tonu, me neke atu ano nga take kawe waka tonu i waenganui i etahi momo ahuatanga. Kei te kainga rawa te kaiarahi ki te whakatū mai i te mana ki te kawe i te waka i etahi wā, engari ko ngā rangahau 4 ka āhei ki te whakahaere i ngā mahi kawe waka tonu ki tua atu i te whakangungu tangata i roto i ngā taiao i whakaritea mai. Ko ngā whakahaere motokā matua pēnei i Nissan, Honda, Audi, BMW, me Mercedes-Benz kei te mahi nei i te whakapakari i ngā motokā me te whakamātau i ngā take tuhinga 4. Kei te whakaae ngā paihere nei i te ranga a-I, te ako pukapuka, me ngā hanganga tohu e whakawhiwhia nei i ngā mahi o enei rangahau. Ko ngā whakamātau me ngā ratonga kōrero mōhiohia hei whakatakoto i te whaimana o ngā take tuhinga 4, me te whakangungu i tana whakauru ki ngā wā o te ao. Ki te whakaaro i ngā whakaaturanga, ka whakarerekētia e ngā take tuhinga 4 i ngā whare hanganga kawe waka tonu me ngā whare hanganga motokā, me te whakarerekētia hoki i te paewhenua me ngā take kaiwhakamahi.

Te Whakamixi Sensa me ngā Pūnuitanga Taumata

Ko te whakaaetanga o ngā tohutohu he tūranga matua i roto i te whakatipu i te haumaru me te whakatau mō ngā motokā pahekoheko. Ki te whakauru i ngā raraunga mai i waenganui atu i ngā momo tohutohu, pēnei i ngā kāmira, radar, Lidar, me ngā tohutohu urutau, ka taea e ēnei rangahau te hanga i ngā tauaromatai wāhi e tika ana me te whanui hei whakamana i ngā mahi a ngā motokā. Kia tino nui ngā mahi a ia tohutohu ki te hoko i ngā raraunga: ko ngā kāmira e kawe ana i ngā raraunga katoa, ko te radar e whakamātau i ngā paku me ngā rahinga, ko te Lidar e tuku ai i ngā maaka tino tika, ko ngā tohutohu urutau e awhinaina i te tirohanga i te tawāhi iti. Nā runga i te kaiwhakahaere i ngā raraunga nui, ka whakatauhia ngā whakatau i te wā kotahi, ka whakapai i te whakarite me te haumaru. He mea kī i ngā rautaki rangahau, ko ngā whenua tohutohu matatau e whakaitihia ana i ngā raruraru haere i roto i ngā taiao whakamātau, e whakaatu ana i tō rātou tūmanako kia whakarerekētia te haumaru haere motokā. Ko ngā tatau kua tāpae, ko te whakamāoritia i ngā taumata iti o ngā haere, e whakaatu ana i te pai o te whakaaetanga o ngā tohutohu i ngā wā o te ao nei. Ka tūtono tēnei whakaaetanga i ngā momo tohutohu me ngā alorithim arohatia hei whakatipu i ngā rāngai pahekoheko, hei whakamana i ngā whakangao haumaru nui i roto i ngā motokā huawaerangi hou.

Te Whakarerekētanga i te Whakangungu Whakamahere mō ngā Motokā Hiko

Ngā Taiao o te Hiko Motokā-ki-te-Raeti (V2G)

Hei whakarerekē i ngā huringa o te whakawhiti hiko me te whakamutu, ka whakatū pūmotu te hunga motokā hiko (EVs) kia rongo mai ki te raeti. Ko tēnei whakawhiti hiko e rua tonu nā, ka āwhina ngā motokā hiko kia hoatu hiko mai i te raeti, ā, ka whakahokia anō he hiko iti ki waho hei whakamahinga i a rātou hei kaiwhakaoho hiko kua wehe. He take pai rawa hei whakamārama i te mahi pai o te V2G ko te kaupapa i mahi ai i Karifōrnia, i reira i tautoko ngā motokā hiko i te haumaru raeti whenua i waenganui i ngā wā o te tonu nui. Ka whakaetia i tēnei hononga pai, ka taea te whakapai i te whanaketanga o te raeti me te whakahaere i te whakamahere hiko e hiki ana ki te whakamahi i ngā puna hiko matihiko, mā te whakauru i ngā momo hiko matihiko ki te raeti. Mā te whakamahi i te hunga V2G, ka taea e mātau e haere atu ki te ao hiko matihiko ake nei, kei reira te mōhiotanga mō te hiko matihiko.

Te Whakangungu Waimana mō te Haere Pakihi

He whiuwhiū aniwaniwa te hunga i te ara moeare, e hāngai ana ki tētahi ara hou me te mōhio ki ngā kaihoko ki utu i a rātou motokā hiko e iti nei i te pūpuke. Ki te whakamahi i ngā huatahi electromagnet hei whakawehe i te hiko mai i tētahi pūwehe ki te paera o te motokā hiko, ka noho korekore te whiuwhiū aniwaniwa i runga i ngā putiputi me ngā pūpuke nui, ā, ka noho pai tonu hei whiringa mō ngā iwi o te taone. Kei te whakamua tonu te hunga, ko ngā tūtohu nui kei te whakatika i te mahi hei whakapai i te whirinaki me te whakaiti whenua. Ko ngā momo whakahē nui he whakarite i te whare whakahaere me te tirotiro i te whakaaro ki ngā tīpuna motokā hiko. Ahakoa i aua tahuhu, kei te whāia e ngā whakangungu, ko ngā tohu i Wellington e whakaatu ana i te hiahia nui me tētahi wā e whai ake nei ka kitea ngā whiuwhiū aniwaniwa i waenganui i ngā here motokā ki te taone. Ka taea e tēnei whakautu whakamua ki te whakawhanake me te whakamahi pai o ngā motokā hiko i roto i ngā paearahī, ka taea hoki te whakapae ki te whakapiri atu i te whakamahi motokā hiko hou.

Te Kāwai Kaunihera o Ingarangi i te Whakahaere Motokā Pūhanga Hōu

Te Uara Nui o te Hangarau Pūkāwhatu

Kei raro i te kāwai kaunihera o Aotearoa i te hanga pūkāwhatu, he kōwhiringa nui i te whai ao motokā hīporo (EV). Kei te whiti i te 50% tēnā i te hanga i ngā pūkāwhatu EV o te ao me te hanga i tētahi wāhanga o ngā mōhiotanga, kei ā rātou ngā kāwanatanga o CATL me BYD i whakaritea te tauira mō ngā pūkāwhatu. Ko tēnei uara nui e whakapakari ana i te tūranga o Ingarangi i roto i te whenua motokā hīpori, ā, e whakaaro ana ki ngā tohu ā-matawhaitanga me ngā whakawhanangatanga tuatahi o te ao. Ki te whakaaro a ngā kaiwhakamārama, ko tēnei whakahaere i runga i ngā pūkāwhatu e whakaae ana i Ingarangi ki te whakarite i ngā utu whakahirahira, e whakamana ana i te hiranga matatini me ngā whakangao moni i waenganui i ngā motokā pūhanga hou.

Te Whakawehi Whenua o te Hangarau EV o Ingarangi

Nā ngā kaihanga EV o Ingarangi te whakapae nui ki te whakawehi i a rātou āhuatanga ki runga i te ao mā rohe-rohe, mā ngā whakaaetanga matua me ngā hoko whakamutunga. Hei tauira, ko te whakaaetanga o Fōdo me CATL kia hangaia tētahi kākano rīhi EV i Minitoba. Koa, ka tuhia e tēnei whakaaturanga pūtake i te mea e whakamahia ana e ngā kaihanga o Ingarangi i ō rātou mātauranga hunga ki te whakauru ki ngā paerewa o waho. Ko ngā kōrero pai, pērā i te whakawehi o NIO ki Eropi, e whakaatu ana i te tipu o te tono mo ngā motokā rīhi o Ingarangi. Ko ngā raraunga e whakaatu ana ko te mea ko ngā kāwanatanga o Ingarangi i whānauwhia ngā huringa i a rātou huatau i te paetae, mā te mātauranga hiranga me ngā whakarite moni iti noa, whakaritea ai tētahi ara whakawehi nui ki te ao mā rohe-rohe mā te motokā hikoī hou.

Te Hononga Mōhiohia me te Tirohanga 5G

Ngā Whakariterite Motokā Whakahaerehia e te Kōrero Tuku

Nā ngā kāreti whakatauira rorohiko (SDVs) te whakaatu i tētahi whaihua hiranga i roto i te hunga hereauto, nō reira kei te riro rawa atu ngā tūmomo matua o ngā waka ki te āhuatanga whakahaere e te rorohiko, kaore i te āhua pūnaha mekanika. Ka whakarite tonu tēnei whakahounga hei whakawhanake i ngā pūtake hoko ake a te waka, māpuna ana i te ara whakamutunga i te tūranga kaihoko. Kāore mai i te 5G te whakauru ki roto i ngā SDV, he mea nui tēnei mā te paihere haere i ngā mahi raraunga i waenganui i ngā wā, me te hononga. Ki te 5G, ka āhei ēnei waka ki te kitea ki ngā ratonga kumukumu i te mōhiotia, ā, ka whakaaehe ai ki te whitiwhiti kaihikoi, ki te whakapai i ngā tohatoha, me te pai ake i ngā āhuatanga katoa. I te whakarerekētanga o ngā hiahia kaiwhakamahi, ka whai take anō te tūranga ki ngā SDV, ka whakaaro ngā hangarau i te whakaae i te whakaputa whanui, nā runga i tō rātou tuku ki te whakamana i tētahi taupokihanga me te taunakitanga whaksonotanga.

Ngā Whakauru Pūkenga AI

He mea hou te mōhiohanga (AI) i whakarerekē ai ngā motu rīpora ki te whakapai i te huanga kaiwhakamahi, ake tonu i ngā hiahia i whakaaro mai i mua. Whakapai mai ana te AI i ngā āhuatanga pūnaha matihiko o ngā motu, pērā i te whakatū cruise control, ka whakamahi i ngā tohutoro rara mo te tiniwhana e hiahiatia nei. Hei tauira, ka ākona e ngā rangitaki AI i ngā mahi me ngā hiahia o te kaiwhakaeke, ka whakatika i ngā whakatakoto motu hei whakapai i te huanga. Ki te whakarite i ngā rautaki whenua, he nui nui te maha o ngā kaiarahi e pai ana ki ngā motu me ngā hononga matihiko whakahirahira, ā, kei te whakaatu i tētahi taurangi whakamua ki ngā motu ake atawhai ake, mōhio ake. Ka whai ake te AI i tana whakawai, ka taea e ngā kaiarahi te whakahau i ngā whiringa whakahirahira ake i roto i ō rātou motu, whakatūhia ai tētahi paetukutuku hou i roto i te whakamātau motu.